Objectives
Traditional orchards are important features of the European landscape but more than 80% have disappeared in the last decades. They are being replaced by modern systems with higher yields, but this change is leading to a significant reduction in landscape attractiveness and also in the numbers of different crop varieties and species grown, quality, biodiversity and genetic resources. Moreover, the know-how of the traditional growers is also rapidly getting lost .
The ESTO project aimed to develop innovative ways of teaching and learning about apple farming, to help preserve traditional orchards as ecologically and economically sustainable systems, paying special attention to their higher biodiversity.
Objectives
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Activities
Preparation of teaching material, the development of a specific curriculum on “traditional orchards”, a picture pool and knowledge database with dictionary, literature, courses, etc. are some of the activities carried out by the project. These focus mainly on apple farming, covering the whole process, from growing and planting techniques to orchard management and processing and marketing of products.
The project organises their resources and information around three main categories which are pomology, care & management of the plant and processing & marketing of products. Regarding care & management, they cover a wide range of aspects and practices, including plant propagation methods. Among these, grafting is one of the most commonly used methods to replicate fruit trees. However, grafting can be a challenging practice for beginners and several aspects should be considered for it to be successful. To help share the tips and tricks of good grafting, the project launched a video explaining how to perform a good tongue grafting (also known as whip or bench grafting).
Additional information
The video is available in the following languages: English, German, Polish, French, Hungarian and Danish. The clip starts by displaying the materials needed and the preparations. It then shows how to join the two parts. It also provides some tips and recommendations, such as for example that the root-stock and scion should have a similar diameter, and advises to sterilise the tools (e.g. by burning the blade of the knife with a lighter).
Further information about this and other types of propagation can be found in the section of “Teaching material”, unit "Care & management”. This unit provides briefs about other types of grafting, such as bud or splice-grafting, and provides more information on good practices, for example on choosing the root-stock or materials or how to care for the grafted plants. Additionally, the Knowledge Database of the project contains other useful resources, including links and contacts to specific people and organisations working on pomology.
Project details
- Main funding source
- Other EU research and development funds
- Project acronym
- ESTO
- Agricultural sectors
- Fruits
1 Practice Abstracts
Contacts
Lenka Kovacova
Thüringer Ökoherz e.V.
Schlachthofstrasse 8 - 10
99423 Weimar
Germany
Project coordinator
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Project coordinator