Mulching under vine rows
Mulches are materials installed under vine rows for several years to limit weed growth without the need for chemical inputs or mechanical tillage. Although their use is still limited due to the costs and constraints of installation, they offer various advantages for vines and the soil. There are two main categories of materials used: raw materials such as straw, wood shavings and chips, crop residues and compost and processed materials, such as organic films or felts made from hemp, maize starch or wool. Effectiveness, durability and cost vary according to the type of material. Some materials need to be renewed every year to ensure effective weed control.
Mulches are generally applied in autumn or at the end of winter, on previously weeded and levelled soil. A minimum thickness of 10 cm is recommended to ensure good efficiency and durability. Installation is still not very mechanised, which increases its cost. Felt is laid manually, making it more expensive compared to straw and shreds which can be applied with a spreader. Once in place, mulches require little maintenance, although some materials, such as composted green waste, need to be recharged annually.
Mulches significantly limit the development of weeds. Miscanthus straw and wood chips, for example, are highly effective with only 20% weed cover after three years. On the other hand, composted felts and green waste require more frequent monitoring. Their effectiveness varies according to the soil, climatic conditions and the speed at which they break down. As well as managing weeds, mulches can have a beneficial effect on the soil. They help retain moisture in the surface horizon and stabilise soil temperature, thereby limiting temperature differences. They also contribute to the enrichment of organic matter, which improves soil structure and biological activity. These positive effects on soil quality make them an attractive alternative to conventional practices.
No negative effects on vines; mulch costly, labor
Additional information
The time required to implement the practice is important. For mechanical application tests have shown that to spread 10 cm a forward speed of 1km/h is required and for manual application there is a lot of labour involved and a great deal of time.
Fanny Prezman, Camille Guilbert Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin – French Wine and Vine Institute
European Thematic Network for unlocking the full potential of Operational Groups on alternative weed Control
Completed | 2022-2025
- Main funding source
- Horizon Europe (EU Research and Innovation Programme)
- Geographical location
- Greece, Italy, Spain, Latvia, France, Sweden, United Kingdom