EU CAP Network Focus Group 'Local perennial plant genetic resources in view of climate change and biodiversity loss'

• MP 1: How to conserve local perennial germplasm (LG) ‘on farm’ and ‘in situ’
• MP 2: Benefits and services of local and under-utilised perennial crops
• MP 3: Boosting the use and knowledge sharing of traditional genetic resources in agriculture: practical steps for farmers and stakeholders
• MP 4: Developing participatory plant breeding for perennial crops
• MP 5: Unique varieties: unique opportunities – local perennial species valorisation
• MP 6: Conservation and valorisation of potential herbaceous perennial arable crops - case studies from five European countries

The main findings of the FG were:

• Perennial crops - including fruit and nut trees, vines, berries, and certain herbaceous species for food, feed and non-food purposes - offer environmental and socio-economic advantages for climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation and use due to their adaptability, low-input requirements, and potential to deliver ecosystem services. Yet many local varieties remain underused or at risk of extinction due to the dominance of commercial cultivars, declining traditional agricultural knowledge, and market constraints.

The core benefits of using and conserving local under-utilised perennial varieties relate to:

• Climate Resilience: Deep root systems, long lifespans, and local adaptation make many of these crops more tolerant to drought, pests, and extreme weather, all of which are critical traits for farming under climate change.
• Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: These crops enhance on-farm diversity and deliver ecosystem benefits such as pollination, soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and habitat for beneficial species.
• Economic Opportunities: Niche markets, regional branding, agrotourism, and product innovation can offer added value and new income streams, particularly for small-scale or multifunctional farms.
• Cultural Identity: Many local varieties are deeply tied to regional food traditions, landscapes, and heritage, enhancing their cultural relevance and community support.
• Breeding and Genetic Resources: Local crops often contain unique genetic traits valuable for developing new varieties suited to future climate and market conditions.